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Surveying, surveying types, chaining, azimuth, bearing
Electro-optic length measurement & reduction of measurements, errors in EDM
Traversing, special problems in traversing
Vertical datum, height systems
Vertical control nets, design & measurements
Leveling, related definitions, differantial leveling
Levels, type of levels, errors of levels, laser and digital levels
Precise leveling, trigonometric leveling and application with different methods
Tacheometry and electronic tacheometry
Profile & Cross-section leveling
Surface levelling, Area & volume computations
Errors & error theory in differential leveling
Error theory in Traversing
Blunders in traverses, blunder detection |